Active and Passive Voice: Tense-wise Rules
Past perfect tense
Past Perfect Tense
Normal structure of sentence in active voice for past perfect tense is
Subject + had + V-3 + object. (Active Voice)
Ex: She had cooked the food. (Active Voice)
(Here ‘she’ is subject, ‘cooked’ is V-3 (past participle) of cook and ‘the food’ is object.)
While changing the sentence into passive, this structure becomes
Subject + had been + V-3 + by + agent. (Passive Voice)
Ex: The food had been cooked by her. (Passive Voice)
(Here ‘The food’ becomes subject in passive voice, ‘cooked’ is V-3 (past participle) of cook, and ‘her’ is agent (doer))
See some more examples to clarify this
- Shubham had written homework. (Active voice)
Homework had been written by Shubham. (Passive voice)
- Simran had learnt English. (Active voice)
English had been learnt by Simran. (Passive Voice)
- Sachin had played cricket. (Active voice)
Cricket had been played by Sachin. (Passive Voice)
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