Active and passive voice Rule with tenses
Simple Present Tense | |||
is,am,are+3rd verb | |||
Active Voice | Passive Voice | ||
He lights the candle. | The candle is lighted by him. | ||
He does not light the candle. | The candle is not lighted by him. | ||
Do you eat meat? | Is meat eaten by you? | ||
Present Continuous Tense | |||
is,am,are+being+3rd verb | |||
Active Voice | Passive Voice | ||
I am driving a car. | A car is being driven by me. | ||
I am not driving a car. | A car is not being driven by me. | ||
Am I driving a car? | Is a car being driven by me? | ||
Present Perfect Tense | |||
has,have+been+3rd verb | |||
Active Voice | Passive Voice | ||
She has stolen my book. | My book has been stolen by her. | ||
She has not stolen my book. | My book has been stolen by her. | ||
Has she stolen my book? | Has my book been stolen by her? | ||
Simple Past Tense | |||
was,were+3rd verb | |||
Active Voice | Passive Voice | ||
She finished work. | Work was finished by her. | ||
She did not finish work. | Work was not finished by her. | ||
Did she finish work? | Was work finished by her? | ||
Past Continuous Tense | |||
was,were+being+3rd verb | |||
Active Voice | Passive Voice | ||
He was revising his books. | His books were being revised by him. | ||
He was not revising his books. | His books were not revising by him. | ||
Was he revising his books? | Were his books revising by him? | ||
Past Perfect Tense | |||
had+been+3rd verb | |||
Active Voice | Passive Voice | ||
I had completed the assignment. | The assignment had been completed by me. | ||
I had not completed the assignment. | The assignment had not been completed by me. | ||
Had I completed the assignment? | Had the assignment been completed by me? | ||
Simple Future Tense | |||
will,shall+be+3rd verb | |||
Active Voice | Passive Voice | ||
My uncle will pay my tuition fee. | My tuition fee will be paid by my uncle. | ||
My uncle will not pay my tuition fee. | My tuition fee will not be paid by my uncle. | ||
Will my uncle pay my tuition fee? | Will my tuition fee be paid by my uncle? | ||
Future Perfect Tense | |||
will, shall+ have been+3rd verb | |||
Active Voice | Passive Voice | ||
We shall have done our home-work. | Our home -work shall have been done by us. | ||
We shall not have done our home-work. | Our home -work shall not have been done by us. | ||
Shall We have done our home –work? | Shall our home -work have been done by us? | ||
Note: In Present perfect continuous tense, Past perfect continuous tense, Future perfect continuous tense, Future perfect tense, we use the same sentence in passive voice. It means these tense cannot be changed in passive form.
Active and passive voice: overview chart
Here is a quick overview of the active and passive voice verb forms.
Tense | Active voice | Passive voice |
Simple present tense | Verb form: first form of the verb Examples They speak English here. He speaks English. | Verb form: is / am / are + past participle form of the verb Examples English is spoken here. English is spoken by him. |
Present continuous tense | Verb form: is/am/are + -ing form of the verb Examples She is writing a letter. I am learning my lessons. You are making a cake. | Verb form: is/am/are + being + past participle form of the verb Examples A letter is being written by her. My lessons are being learnt by me. A cake is being made by you. |
resent perfect tense | Verb form: has/have + past participle form of the verb Examples: I have written a novel. She has finished the job. You have written letters. | Verb form: has/have + been + past participle form of the verb Examples: A novel has been written by me. The job has been finished by her. Letters have been written by you. |
Simple past | Verb form: past tense form of the verb Examples: I wrote a letter. Ram broke a glass. You missed the chance. | Verb form: was/were + past participle form of the verb Examples: A letter was written by me. A glass was broken by Ram. The chance was missed by you. |
Past continuous tense | Verb form: was/were + -ing form of the verb Examples I was learning my lessons. She was writing a report. They were making toys. | Verb form: was/were + being + past participle form of the verb Examples My lessons were being learnt by me. A report was being written by her. Toys were being made by them. |
Past perfect tense | Verb form: had + past participle form of the verb Examples I had finished the project. She had learned her lessons. | Verb form: had + been + past participle form of the verb Examples: The project had been finished by me. Her lessons had been learned by her. |
Simple future tense | Verb form: will/shall + first form of the verb Examples I will finish the job. She will solve the problem. | Verb form: will/shall + be + past participle form of the verb Examples: The job will be finished by me. The problem will be solved by her. |
Future perfect | Verb form: will/shall + have + past participle form of the verb Examples I will have finished the job. She will have solved the problem. | Verb form: will/shall + have + been + past participle form of the verb Examples The job will have been finished by me. The problem will have been solved by her. |
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